Prokaryotic Cell: Key Features and Functions

What are the key features of a prokaryotic cell?

Choose the correct features:

A. Lack of nucleus

B. Presence of membrane-bound organelles

C. Reproduction via binary fission

D. Cell wall made of peptidoglycan

Final answer:

The key features that define a prokaryotic cell include lack of nucleus, reproduction via binary fission, and a cell wall made of peptidoglycan.

Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, are characterized by several key features that set them apart from eukaryotic cells. One of the main distinctions is the absence of a nucleus in prokaryotic cells. Instead of a nucleus, the DNA is found in a region called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a membrane.

Prokaryotic cells also lack membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, which are commonly found in eukaryotic cells. This simplifies their internal structure but does not limit their ability to carry out essential functions like metabolism and replication.

Reproduction in prokaryotic cells occurs through binary fission, a process where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This is a rapid and efficient method of reproduction that allows prokaryotic populations to grow and adapt quickly in various environments.

Additionally, the cell wall of prokaryotic cells is typically composed of peptidoglycan, a unique polymer that provides structural support and protection. The cell wall helps maintain the cell's shape and integrity, especially in challenging conditions.

Understanding the key features of a prokaryotic cell is crucial for comprehending their biology, behavior, and significance in various ecosystems. By grasping these fundamental characteristics, scientists can explore the diverse roles of prokaryotes in nature and human health.