Plant Cell: The Central Vacuole and Turgor Pressure

What is the role of the central vacuole in a plant cell?

A) Storage of water and nutrients

B) Photosynthesis

C) Cellular respiration

D) Protein synthesis

Answer:

A) Storage of water and nutrients

The central vacuole in a plant cell plays a crucial role in storing water and essential nutrients to maintain turgor pressure. This pressure is important for the overall structure and function of the plant cell.

When the vacuole loses water, the cytoplasm "shrinks", causing the plant cell to lose turgor pressure and potentially wilt. On the other hand, when the vacuole gains water, the cytoplasm swells up, maintaining turgor pressure and keeping the plant cell rigid and upright.

The central vacuole acts as a reservoir for water, ions, sugars, and other important molecules needed for various cellular processes. It also helps regulate the osmotic balance within the cell, ensuring proper hydration and nutrient availability. Additionally, the vacuole can store waste products and toxins, protecting the cell from harm.

In conclusion, the central vacuole is a vital organelle in plant cells, contributing to their structural integrity, water balance, and overall functionality.